Sustainable mobility
This glossary lists and defines the terms, abbreviations and acronyms most commonly used throughout this site
Enhances illumination around corners
Safety devices installed in vehicles that inflate to protect the driver or passengers in case of a collision
Antilock Braking System
Advanced Safety Vehicle
Renewable (non fossil) fuel obtained by processing biomass e.g. ethanol derived from sugar cane, sunflower or rapeseed-derived methyl esters, etc.
Renewable organic matter such as agricultural crops, crop-waste residues, wood, animal and municipal waste, used for the production of energy
Biofuel for Diesel engines
Vehicle with two separate fuel systems to run on, either an alternative fuel or gasoline/diesel, using only one at a time. Idem Dual-Fuel vehicle.
Replacement of ordinary car's mechanical and hydraulic controls by wires and electric/electronic actuators.
Liquid fuels derived from biomass
A unit of measure of atmospheric pressure; equals 14.5 lbs/square inch
Carbon dioxide : greenhouse gas
Carbon monoxide (CO) - air pollutant
Coal Direct Liquefaction is coal slurry hydrogenation at high pressure and high temperatures with the action of a catalyst to obtain a liquid which is further separated into oil, water and residues
Treats exhaust before it leaves the car, reducing the emissions of the most harmful tailpipe pollutants
Geological storage of CO2. See also Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS).
Combined Active Passive Safety Systems
Coal Direct Liquefaction is coal slurry hydrogenation at high pressure and high temperatures with the action of a catalyst to obtain a liquid which is further separated into oil, water and residues.
Clean Urban Transport for Europe
The addition of a carbon-containing substance (such as CO2) to a reservoir
Diester is a blend of diesel fuel and sunflower or rapeseed-derived methyl esters. Also known as biodiesel.
Making engines smaller and lighter
Diesel and ethanol
Direct Injection Compression Ignition
Exhaust Gas Recirculation
An EGA system uses reactors placed in the exhaust system to convert undesired pollutants (NOx, CO and soot) into benign molecules.
Gasoline additive produced from 45% ethanol (essentially corn or beet alcohol) and 55% isobutylene, a hydrocarbon derivative. It blends easily with gasoline.
Environmental Protection Agency - USA
The production of electricity by chemical changes
The European Council for Automotive Research and Development
Electronic Stability Program
Unit used to measure the impact of product life phases in a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). The ecopoint takes into account a wide range of criteria: impact on health, ecosystems and biodiversity, ans consumption of mineral and fossil resources. To do this, it evaluates the intensity of the phenomena which cause such impact: emissions of organic and inorganic substances, climate change, emissions of of ionizing radiation, carcinogenic substances, acidification, etc.
In an FSI engine, gasoline is injected directly into the cylinders as opposed to engines with fuel injection
into the intake ports
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
Process to convert straight-run atmospheric gas oils, etc. into high-octane gasoline, light fuel oils, etc.
Forward Collision Warning System
European Satellite Navigation System based on a constellation of 30 satellites and ground stations (operational in 2014).
Liquid fuels derived from natural gas or biomass generated gas
Greenhouse Gases
An international association created on the initiative of the World Bank and composed of international institutions, governmental bodies, development aid organizations and large international businesses. Its aims is to promote safety in developing countries through actions tailored to the local context.
Vehicle with a powertrain using a combination (parallel or in series) of two engines (ICE and e-motor)
Fuels and air pollutants
The process of using multiple propulsion devices (e.g., a spark ignition engine and one or more electric motors) to propel a vehicle
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition
Integrated Network of Transportation Information
International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy
International Energy Agency
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Established by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to access scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant for the understanding of climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation.
Intelligent Transport System
International Technical Committee of Challenge Bibendum
Internationale Agentur für Energie (International Energy Agency)
International Road Federation
Maximale Kilometerleistung eines Reifens, bevor seine Abnutzung die Leistung, insbesondere die Sicherheit, gefährdet.
National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration - USA
A mixture of hydrocarbon compounds, primarily methane (CH4), that exist in the gaseous phase or in solution with crude oil in
natural underground reservoirs at reservoir conditions
Limit injuries in the event of a collision
Particulates having a diameter of 10 microns or greater
Synthetic fuels are obtained through a chemical transformation from natural gas (Gas-to-Liquid fuels) or
coal (Coal-to-Liquid fuels)
An operating condition for which the chemically correct amounts of fuel and air are mixed for theoretical complete combustion
Exhaust driven air compressor
Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
Full HV with an EV drive function concept known as Hybrid Synergy Drive from Toyota
Carbon compounds that evaporate at ambient temperature. Sunlight causes them to react with other atmospheric gases and form ozone or other photochemical oxidants
Well-to-Tire
Well-to-Wheel (=Well-to-Tire for road vehicles). A method of measuring GHG emissions that includes both emissions resulting from the extraction, production, and distribution of transport fuels (referred to as Well-to-Tank, or WTT) and emissions resulting from the use of the fuel by the vehicle (referred to as Tank-to-Wheels, or TTW.)
World Health Organization
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